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1 Installation Instructions
2 ********
3
4 Copyright © 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005,
5 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
6
7 This file is free documentation; the Free Software Foundation gives
8 unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
9
10 Basic Installation
11 ==================
12
13 Briefly, the shell commands `./configure; make; make install' should
14 configure, build, and install this package. The following
15 more-detailed instructions are generic; see the `README' file for
16 instructions specific to this package.
17
18 The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
19 various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
20 those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package.
21 It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent
22 definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that
23 you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, and a
24 file `config.log' containing compiler output (useful mainly for
25 debugging `configure').
26
27 It can also use an optional file (typically called `config.cache'
28 and enabled with `--cache-file=config.cache' or simply `-C') that saves
29 the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring. Caching is
30 disabled by default to prevent problems with accidental use of stale
31 cache files.
32
33 If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
34 to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail
35 diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can
36 be considered for the next release. If you are using the cache, and at
37 some point `config.cache' contains results you don't want to keep, you
38 may remove or edit it.
39
40 The file `configure.ac' (or `configure.in') is used to create
41 `configure' by a program called `autoconf'. You need `configure.ac' if
42 you want to change it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version
43 of `autoconf'.
44
45 The simplest way to compile this package is:
46
47 1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type
48 `./configure' to configure the package for your system.
49
50 Running `configure' might take a while. While running, it prints
51 some messages telling which features it is checking for.
52
53 2. Type `make' to compile the package.
54
55 3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with
56 the package.
57
58 4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and
59 documentation.
60
61 5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
62 source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the
63 files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for
64 a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is
65 also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly
66 for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get
67 all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came
68 with the distribution.
69
70 6. Often, you can also type `make uninstall' to remove the installed
71 files again.
72
73 Compilers and Options
74 =====================
75
76 Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
77 the `configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help'
78 for details on some of the pertinent environment variables.
79
80 You can give `configure' initial values for configuration parameters
81 by setting variables in the command line or in the environment. Here
82 is an example:
83
84 ./configure CC=c99 CFLAGS=-g LIBS=-lposix
85
86 *Note Defining Variables::, for more details.
87
88 Compiling For Multiple Architectures
89 =================
90
91 You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
92 same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
93 own directory. To do this, you can use GNU `make'. `cd' to the
94 directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
95 the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the
96 source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.
97
98 With a non-GNU `make', it is safer to compile the package for one
99 architecture at a time in the source code directory. After you have
100 installed the package for one architecture, use `make distclean' before
101 reconfiguring for another architecture.
102
103 On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and
104 executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or
105 "universal" binaries--by specifying multiple `-arch' options to the
106 compiler but only a single `-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like
107 this:
108
109 ./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
110 CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
111 CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E"
112
113 This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases, you
114 may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results
115 using the `lipo' tool if you have problems.
116
117 Installation Names
118 ==================
119
120 By default, `make install' installs the package's commands under
121 `/usr/local/bin', include files under `/usr/local/include', etc. You
122 can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving
123 `configure' the option `--prefix=PREFIX'.
124
125 You can specify separate installation prefixes for
126 architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
127 pass the option `--exec-prefix=PREFIX' to `configure', the package uses
128 PREFIX as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
129 Documentation and other data files still use the regular prefix.
130
131 In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
132 options like `--bindir=DIR' to specify different values for particular
133 kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories
134 you can set and what kinds of files go in them.
135
136 If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
137 with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the
138 option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.
139
140 Optional Features
141 =================
142
143 Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
144 `configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
145 They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
146 is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
147 `README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the
148 package recognizes.
149
150 For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually
151 find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
152 you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
153 `--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.
154
155 Particular systems
156 ==================
157
158 On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU
159 CC is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in
160 order to use an ANSI C compiler:
161
162 ./configure CC="cc -Ae"
163
164 and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX.
165
166 On OSF/1 a.k.a. Tru64, some versions of the default C compiler cannot
167 parse its `' header file. The option `-nodtk' can be used as
168 a workaround. If GNU CC is not installed, it is therefore recommended
169 to try
170
171 ./configure CC="cc"
172
173 and if that doesn't work, try
174
175 ./configure CC="cc -nodtk"
176
177 Specifying the System Type
178 =======
179
180 There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out
181 automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package
182 will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the
183 _same_ architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
184 a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the
185 `--build=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
186 type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name which has the form:
187
188 CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM
189
190 where SYSTEM can have one of these forms:
191
192 OS KERNEL-OS
193
194 See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If
195 `config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
196 need to know the machine type.
197
198 If you are _building_ compiler tools for cross-compiling, you should
199 use the option `--target=TYPE' to select the type of system they will
200 produce code for.
201
202 If you want to _use_ a cross compiler, that generates code for a
203 platform different from the build platform, you should specify the
204 "host" platform (i.e., that on which the generated programs will
205 eventually be run) with `--host=TYPE'.
206
207 Sharing Defaults
208 ================
209
210 If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
211 you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
212 default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
213 `configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
214 `PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
215 `CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
216 A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.
217
218 Defining Variables
219 ==================
220
221 Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the
222 environment passed to `configure'. However, some packages may run
223 configure again during the build, and the customized values of these
224 variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set
225 them in the `configure' command line, using `VAR=value'. For example:
226
227 ./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc
228
229 causes the specified `gcc' to be used as the C compiler (unless it is
230 overridden in the site shell script).
231
232 Unfortunately, this technique does not work for `CONFIG_SHELL' due to
233 an Autoconf bug. Until the bug is fixed you can use this workaround:
234
235 CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash /bin/bash ./configure CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash
236
237 `configure' Invocation
238 ===
239
240 `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
241 operates.
242
243 `--help'
244 `-h'
245 Print a summary of all of the options to `configure', and exit.
246
247 `--help=short'
248 `--help=recursive'
249 Print a summary of the options unique to this package's
250 `configure', and exit. The `short' variant lists options used
251 only in the top level, while the `recursive' variant lists options
252 also present in any nested packages.
253
254 `--version'
255 `-V'
256 Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
257 script, and exit.
258
259 `--cache-file=FILE'
260 Enable the cache: use and save the results of the tests in FILE,
261 traditionally `config.cache'. FILE defaults to `/dev/null' to
262 disable caching.
263
264 `--config-cache'
265 `-C'
266 Alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'.
267
268 `--quiet'
269 `--silent'
270 `-q'
271 Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To
272 suppress all normal output, redirect it to `/dev/null' (any error
273 messages will still be shown).
274
275 `--srcdir=DIR'
276 Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
277 `configure' can determine that directory automatically.
278
279 `--prefix=DIR'
280 Use DIR as the installation prefix. *Note Installation Names::
281 for more details, including other options available for fine-tuning
282 the installation locations.
283
284 `--no-create'
285 `-n'
286 Run the configure checks, but stop before creating any output
287 files.
288
289 `configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. Run
290 `configure --help' for more details.
291